Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Industry Outlook 2022: Overview, Opportunities, Key Companies and Forecast to 2028


Published on: 2022-01-10 | No of Pages : 320 | Industry : Automobile & Transportation

Publisher : GRD Survey | Format : PDF

Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Industry Outlook 2022: Overview, Opportunities, Key Companies and Forecast to 2028

Executive Summary

According to GRD Survey data, the global Long-range Electric Vehicles market is estimated at million US$ in 2021 and is expected to reach million US$ by the end of 2028, growing at a CAGR of % in the forecast period between 2022 and 2028.

This report studies the Long-range Electric Vehicles market dynamics from angles such as new entries, mergers and acquisitions, fundings, exit and major technology breakthroughs. Market performance is evaluated through market size (value and volume) by players, regions, product types and end industries. This report also studies the global market competition landscape, market drivers and trends, opportunities and challenges, risks and entry barriers, sales channels, distributors and Porter's Five Forces Analysis.

Geographically, this report is segmented into several key regions, with sales, revenue, market share and growth Rate of Long-range Electric Vehicles in these regions, from 2016 to 2027, covering
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)
Europe (Germany, France, UK, Italy, Spain and Russia, etc.)
Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, India, Australia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, etc.)
Middle East and Africa (Turkey, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, etc.)

Market Snapshot, By Product Type
Battery EV (BEV)
Plug-in EV (PEV)

Market Snapshot, By Application
Commercial
Individual
Other

Main Market Players Analyzed in this report, including:
BYD
Tesla
Renault
Hyundai Motor
General Motors

The study objectives of this report are:
To study and analyze the global Long-range Electric Vehicles market size (value & volume) by company, key regions/countries, products and application, history data from 2016 to 2020, and forecast to 2027.
To understand industry structure of Long-range Electric Vehicles market by identifying its various subsegments.
To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).
To identify the key global Long-range Electric Vehicles manufacturers and regional typical players, to define, describe and analyze their sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.
To analyze the Long-range Electric Vehicles market with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.
To project the value and volume of Long-range Electric Vehicles submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of Long-range Electric Vehicles are as follows:
History Year: 2016-2020
Base Year: 2020
Estimated Year: 2021
Forecast Year 2021 to 2027

This report includes the estimation of market size in terms of value (million USD) and volume from top-down approach by analyzing major submarkets and their major driving factors, and verified from bottom-up approaches. Key players in the market have been identified through secondary research, and their market shares have been determined through primary and secondary research. All percentage shares, splits, and breakdowns have been determined using secondary sources and verified from primary sources.

For the data information by region, company, type and application, 2020 is considered as the base year. Whenever data information was unavailable for the base year, the prior year has been considered.

Key Stakeholders Considered in the study:
Raw material vendors
Distributors/traders/wholesalers/suppliers
Regulatory authorities, including government agencies and NGO
Commercial research & development (R&D) institutions
Importers and exporters
Government organizations, research organizations, and consulting firms
Trade/Industrial associations
End-use industries

Table of Content

Table of Contents

1 Market Definition & Scope
1.1 Definition & Scope
1.2 Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Specifications
1.3 Main Events (Entry, M&A, Exit, Technology and Capital Activity)
1.4 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market Performance and Outlook

2 Market Development Performance under COVID-19
2.1 Influencing Factors of Industry Development in the Next Five Years
2.1.1 Drivers
2.1.2 Restraints
2.1.3 Opportunities
2.2 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
2.3 Comparison of Alternatives and Long-range Electric Vehicles

3 Supply Chain and Manufacturing Cost Analysis
3.1 Supply Chain Analysis
3.2 Raw Materials and Key Suppliers Analysis
3.2.1 Raw Materials Introduction
3.2.1 Raw Materials Key Suppliers List
3.3 Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Channel and Distributors Analysis
3.3.1 Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Channel
3.3.2 Long-range Electric Vehicles Distributors
3.4 Key Buying Industries/Consumers
3.4.1 Major Buyers in Commercial
3.4.2 Major Buyers in Individual
3.5 Long-range Electric Vehicles Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis

4 Market Segment: by Type
4.1 Long-range Electric Vehicles Type Introduction
4.1.1 Battery EV (BEV)
4.1.2 Plug-in EV (PEV)
4.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Type 2016-2021
4.3 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Type 2016-2021
4.4 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price by Type 2016-2021

5 Market Segment: by Application
5.1 Long-range Electric Vehicles Type Introduction
5.1.1 Commercial
5.1.2 Individual
5.1.3 Other
5.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Application 2016-2021
5.3 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Application 2016-2021
5.4 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price by Application 2016-2021

6 Marke Segment: by Region
6.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Region
6.1.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Regions
6.1.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Regions
6.2 North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Market 2016-2021
6.3 Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Market 2016-2021
6.4 Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Market 2016-2021
6.5 South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Market 2016-2021
6.6 Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Market 2016-2021

7 North America
7.1 North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Country 2016-2021
7.1.1 North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Country
7.1.2 North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Country
7.2 United States
7.3 Canada
7.4 Mexico

8 Europe
8.1 Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Country 2016-2021
8.1.1 Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Country
8.1.2 Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Country
8.2 Germany
8.3 France
8.4 UK
8.5 Italy
8.6 Russia
8.7 Spain

9 Asia Pacific
9.1 Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Country 2016-2021
9.1.1 Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Country
9.1.2 Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Country
9.2 China
9.3 Japan
9.4 Korea
9.5 Southeast Asia
9.6 India
9.7 Australia

10 South America
10.1 South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Country 2016-2021
10.1.1 South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Country
10.1.2 South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Country
10.2 Brazil
10.3 Argentina
10.4 Colombia

11 Middle East and Africa
11.1 Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Market by Country 2016-2021
11.1.1 Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales by Country
11.1.2 Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue by Country
11.2 Turkey
11.3 Saudi Arabia
11.4 South Africa

12 Key Participants Company Information
12.1 BYD
12.1.1 BYD Company Information
12.1.2 BYD Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.1.3 BYD Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.1.4 BYD Key Development
12.2 Tesla
12.2.1 Tesla Company Information
12.2.2 Tesla Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.2.3 Tesla Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.2.4 Tesla Key Development
12.3 Renault
12.3.1 Renault Company Information
12.3.2 Renault Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.3.3 Renault Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.3.4 Renault Key Development
12.4 Hyundai Motor
12.4.1 Hyundai Motor Company Information
12.4.2 Hyundai Motor Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.4.3 Hyundai Motor Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.4.4 Hyundai Motor Key Development
12.5 General Motors
12.5.1 General Motors Company Information
12.5.2 General Motors Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
12.5.3 General Motors Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
12.5.4 General Motors Key Development

13 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market Forecast by Region by Type and by Application
13.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Revenue Forecast 2022-2027
13.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Forecast by Regions
13.2.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Forecast by Region 2022-2027
13.2.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Forecast by Region 2022-2027
13.3 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Forecast by Type
13.3.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.3.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.3.3 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price Forecast by Type 2022-2027
13.4 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Forecast by Application
13.4.1 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Forecast by Application 2022-2027
13.4.2 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Forecast by Application 2022-2027
13.4.3 Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price Forecast by Application 2022-2027

14 Analyst Views and Conclusions

15 Methodology and Data Source
15.1 Methodology
15.2 Research Data Source
15.2.1 Secondary Data
15.2.2 Primary Data
15.2.3 Market Size Estimation
15.3 Legal Disclaimer

List of Figure

List of Tables

Table 1: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Production Specifications
Table 2: Drivers in Long-range Electric Vehicles Market
Table 3: Restraints Long-range Electric Vehicles Market
Table 4: Opportunity in Long-range Electric Vehicles Market
Table 5: Comparion of Alternative and Long-range Electric Vehicles
Table 6: Long-range Electric Vehicles Raw Materials Key Suppliers List
Table 7: Long-range Electric Vehicles Distributors List
Table 8: Long-range Electric Vehicles Major Buyers in Commercial
Table 9: Long-range Electric Vehicles Major Buyers in Individual
Table 10: Long-range Electric Vehicles Major Buyers in Other
Table 11: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Type 2016-2021
Table 12: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Type 2016-2021
Table 13: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Type 2016-2021
Table 14: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Type 2016-2021
Table 15: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price by Type 2016-2021
Table 16: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Application 2016-2021
Table 17: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Application 2016-2021
Table 18: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Application 2016-2021
Table 19: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Application 2016-2021
Table 20: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Price by Application 2016-2021
Table 21: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Region 2016-2021
Table 22: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Table 23: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Region 2016-2021
Table 24: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Table 25: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 26: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 27: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 28: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 29: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 30: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 31: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 32: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 33: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 34: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 35: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 36: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 37: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 38: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 39: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 40: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 41: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) by Country 2016-2021
Table 42: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country 2016-2021
Table 43: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) by Country 2016-2021
Table 44: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country 2016-2021)
Table 45 BYD Company Information
Table 46 BYD Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 47 BYD Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 48 Tesla Company Information
Table 49 Tesla Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 50 Tesla Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 51 Renault Company Information
Table 52 Renault Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 53 Renault Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 54 Hyundai Motor Company Information
Table 55 Hyundai Motor Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 56 Hyundai Motor Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 57 General Motors Company Information
Table 58 General Motors Long-range Electric Vehicles Product Portfolio, Specification and Application
Table 59 General Motors Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales, Price, Revenue and Gross Margin (2019-2021)
Table 72: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 73: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2012-2027)
Table 74: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 75: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2022-2027)
Table 76: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 77: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2012-2027)
Table 78: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 79: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table 80: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Forecast by Applicaion (2022-2027)
Table 81: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2012-2027)
Table 82: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table 83: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)


List of Figures

Figure 1: Long-range Electric Vehicles Picture
Figure 2: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure 3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Figure 4: Long-range Electric Vehicles Supply Chain Analysis
Figure 5: Long-range Electric Vehicles Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
Figure 6: Product Picture of Battery EV (BEV)
Figure 7: Product Picture of Plug-in EV (PEV)
Figure 8: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Type, 2020
Figure 9: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Type, 2020
Figure 10: Long-range Electric Vehicles in Commercial
Figure 11: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market: Commercial 2016-2021
Figure 12: Long-range Electric Vehicles in Individual
Figure 13: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Market: Individual 2016-2021
Figure 14: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Application, 2020
Figure 15: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Application, 2020
Figure 16: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Figure 17: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Region 2016-2021
Figure 18: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 19: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 20: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 21: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 22: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 23: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 24: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 25: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 26: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 27: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 28: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 29: North America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 30: United States Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 31: United States Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 32: Canada Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 33: Canada Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 34: Mexico Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 35: Mexico Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 36: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 37: Europe Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 38: Germany Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 39: Germany Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 40: France Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 41: France Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 42: UK Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 43: UK Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 44: Italy Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 45: Italy Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 46: Russia Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 46: Russia Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 47: Spain Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 48: Spain Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 49: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 50: Asia Pacific Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 51: China Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 52: China Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 53: Japan Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 54: Japan Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 55: Korea Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 56: Korea Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 57: Southeast Asia Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 58: Southeast Asia Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 59: India Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 60: India Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 61: Australia Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 62: Australia Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 63: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 64: South America Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 65: Brazil Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 66: Brazil Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 67: Argentina Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 68: Argentina Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 69: Colombia Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 70: Colombia Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 71: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 72: Middle East and Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure 73: Turkey Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 74: Turkey Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 75: Saudi Arabia Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 76: Saudi Arabia Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 77: South Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Status 2016-2021
Figure 78: South Africa Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue (Million USD) Status 2016-2021
Figure 79: BYD Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 80: Tesla Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 81: Renault Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 82: Hyundai Motor Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 83: General Motors Long-range Electric Vehicles Revenue Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure 89: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure 90: Global Long-range Electric Vehicles Sales (K Units) Forecast (2022-2027)